Players can get injuries from 12 hours (minimum) up to 120 hours (maximum).
 
You can shorten the injury time by having a good physio in your staff and by upgrading your medical center in the stadium section.
 
When the physio and medical center is fully upgraded the minimum length an injury can last is 3,6 hours while the longest injury only will last 36 hours. So a total reduction in injury length of 70%.
 
Players cannot play competitive matches while injured, but they do however still train.